A definite purpose magnetic motor starter combines an electromagnetically-operated contactor with a thermal or bi-metallic overload relay in a single pre-wired unit, designed to start, stop, and protect a motor for one specific class of equipment rather than serve as a general-purpose industrial control component. When the coil is energized (typically by a pressure switch, thermostat, or float switch), the electromagnet pulls the contactor's movable contacts closed, powering the motor; the overload relay continuously monitors current draw and opens the control circuit if it detects a sustained overcurrent condition, protecting the motor from damage.
Air compressor manufacturers, HVAC equipment builders, pump system integrators, and facilities maintenance teams rely on definite purpose starters wherever a motor needs automatic, code-compliant starting and overload protection paired with an existing control signal — air compressors switched by a pressure switch, and pumps switched by a float or flow switch, are classic applications. Unlike a bare contactor (which provides switching only, with no overload protection) or a full NEMA-rated combination starter (which bundles a disconnect and starter together for general industrial use), a definite purpose starter is factory pre-wired and sized specifically for its target equipment class, ships ready to mount with no separate heater elements to select, and is typically housed in a compact NEMA Type 1 enclosure.
Common configuration: single-phase or three-phase, coil voltages of 120V, 208-240V, or 480V AC matched to the control signal source, contactor ratings from roughly 15A up to 40A+ depending on motor HP, adjustable bi-metallic overload relays with a defined amp range (e.g., 6-10A or 10-16A) to fine-tune trip point to the actual motor nameplate current, HP ratings commonly spanning 1 to 10 HP for single-phase and 3-phase applications, and UL Listed construction per UL 508 Industrial Control Equipment standards, rated for use up to 600VAC.
Quick-Reference Spec Glossary
- HP rating
- Motor horsepower the starter is rated for, matched to voltage and phase
- Phase
- Single-phase or three-phase
- Coil voltage
- 120V, 208-240V, or 480V AC — must match the control circuit exactly
- Contactor amp rating
- Full-load and locked-rotor amp capacity of the contactor, ~15-40A+
- Overload relay range
- Adjustable amp range (e.g. 6-10A, 10-16A) set to actual motor FLA
- Enclosure type
- NEMA Type 1, factory pre-wired, no separate heaters required
- Number of poles
- 1-pole, 2-pole, or 3-pole depending on motor phase and application
- Certification
- UL Listed per UL 508, rated for use up to 600VAC